
An eye-catching simulation of vision through an eye with advanced, early, or no defects from glaucoma, together with a short explanation of the brain's visual processes leading to these perceptions (submitted by Dr A. Hoste from Belgium and prof. A. Safran from Switzerland) 

Glaucoma Vision
A short explanation on the way the brain perceives images from eyes with glaucomatous damage
The images represent the visual field of a left eye. The corresponding results of the visual field test (where blind areas are represented in black) are embedded in the images. A normal test always shows one blind spot: where the optic nerve is attached to the back of the eye, there is no retina and consequently no light perception. Yet, we do not perceive this blind spot because our brain is able to fill it in with colours and patterns from the surrounding areas. The brain uses visual information received from adjacent parts of the image to achieve this.
In the same way, the brain conceals damage caused by glaucoma. In the image representing an early stage of glaucoma, the eye looks to the fixation point in the centre. It does not see the children because they are practically completely located in the blind area. Still you are unaware of any visual problem, due to the filling-in process. Even in a later stage of the disease, the brain is still able to compose a plausible image. The deformations in the periphery remain unnoticed because you are unable to fix your eye on them. You are always looking at the centre of the image, and when you shift your gaze to the periphery, the deformations move with it.
References
Safran AB, Landis T. Plasticity in the adult visual cortex: implications for the diagnosis of visual field defects and visual rehabilitation. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 1996; 7:53-64.
Ramachandran VS, Gregory RL. Perceptual filling in of artificially induced scotomas in human vision.
Nature 350:699-702, 1991.
Das A, Gilbert CD. Long-range horizontal connections and their role in cortical reorganization revealed by optical recording of cat primary visual cortex. Nature 375:780-4, 1995.